Foreword to “Kellogg Plan is DOA” series of papers—the main talking point

Energy News Beat

This BLUFF is the reverse corollary to the Russian Natural Gas and Global Geopolitical Realignment series of papers and videos that was originally posted on Energy News Beat beginning on December 10, 2023.

It is also based on the “Role of Energy in the Kennan Five Power Center” Sea Power versus Land Power series of slide sets and videos that I recorded on the Felix Rex/Black Pigeon Speaks channel since March of 2022, and subsequently the Working Brother and Monster Consortium channel in YouTube since December of 2022.

The bottom line is that Europe in general, and Germany in particular, has created an energy calamity in Europe all of its own making and there is no reason for Trump to let the American economy go down the tubes with the “strange death of Europe” as Douglas Murray expresses the phenomenon.

The Greens shut down the coal-fired energy plants and the nuclear energy plants as the neoconservatives and neoliberals were weening themselves from Russian natural gas and the Russian electrical grid.

Throughout this multiyear process from the COVID-19 lockdown period to the present, the German industry has been declining for multiple reasons, but cannot stay in business with higher energy costs. The automotive industries are collapsing across Europe due to several longstanding inefficiencies and the rising energy costs are the final nail in their collective coffins.

They are no longer globally competitive for several reasons, energy being a major reason.

Populist Parties in the UK and Europe

Because of the rising energy costs and the declining economies, populist movements have been increasing across Europe.

This has created the conditions under which “all Putin has to do is nothing.”

COA 1, the European economies become non-competitive globally and collapse.

COA 2, the populist parties rise to power in the entire Danube River Valley in 2025 and 2026, and rebuild Nordstream, buy Russian natural gas to rebuild their economies, pay in Rubles and exit the EU, NATO, the Petrodollar and the neoconservative disaster in Ukraine.

Putin and Xi Jinping are fine with either outcome. This is why the theme for “The Kellog Plan is DOA” series of papers and videos is “all Putin has to do is nothing.”

The EU and the CDU/CSU floated the idea of purchasing Russian natural gas via the single functioning pipeline of Nordstream to avoid election losses across Europe.

But it is simply not in Putin’s best interest to save the EU and the CDU/CSU and therefore save NATO.

It is in Putin’s best interest to “do nothing” other than watch the EU and the WEF-backed globalist politicians either collapse their economies or get replaced by populist politicians and political parties.

It is apparent that Keith Kellogg (and the rest of the television generals) were/are not the least bit aware of the role of “energy” in the Sea Power versus Land Power Grand Strategies. Kellogg’s idea that “Trump can deal with Putin from a position of strength” to end the war in Ukraine before Spring is ludicrous to anyone who understands the role of “energy in geopolitical realignment.”

The Kids’ Table in Europe and the Adults’ Table in Riyad

This is why Kellogg was left at the kids’ table in Europe while the adults were discussing “Pipelines and Petrodollars” and “the role of energy in geopolitical realignment” at the adults’ table in Riyad.

As discussed on the Energy News Beat and Working Brother channels over the Winter where I began to explain why Putin was winning the War in the Orthodox Christian Russian-speaking areas in the Donbas against the Catholic Ukrainian speakers who are experiencing a 7:1 KIA/WIA ratio catastrophic loss in the Donbas. The effort of the WEF Globalist neoconservatives to take over the Russian Black Sea Fleet in Crimea and Russia’s only warm water ports has failed.

Meanwhile, the Western mass media complex repeats the trope that “Putin invaded for no reason” and Ukraine is winning the War” on a 24/7/365 non-stop news cycle and employs mass censorship on anyone who has an understanding of the history of the Sea Power versus Land Power Grand Strategies.

Now Putin has all the cards because he is (a) still selling petroleum products on the global market, (b) the oil, natural gas, and LNG are still being purchased by Europeans at much higher prices because more middlemen are involved, and (c) Putin is selling more energy to China whose products are becoming more globally competitive.

For these three basic reasons, the Kellogg Plan was a complete non-starter from its inception last April and, surprisingly, Trump’s team did not know this until the articles appeared on Energy News Beat and were pushed forward by Michael Yon’s Green Beret grapevine in late January (2025).

Since late January the Trump advisors have come to realize that “all Putin has to do is nothing” only after they realized that Putin was avoiding having any meetings with Trump and came to learn of the stories posted on Energy News Beat.

Putin and Trump both Need to Distance themselves from the Leftists and Globalists

Now all Putin has to do is focus on the Russian economy while watching the populist parties win in Europe and exit the petrodollar, the EU, NATO, and the Ukraine war while rebuilding Nordstream and their industrial economies.

This combination of events can (a) be blamed on Trump by the mainstream media and Leftist alternative media relentlessly so the Democrats (Leftists and Globalists) can win the 2026 midterm elections, take over the Senate and The House in the midterm elections, and (b) immediately impeach Donald Trump, then (c) win “all three Houses” in the 2028 election and complete the “Seven P Plan of the Left” single-party socialist state objective.

The “Seven P Plan of the Left” series of papers has also been discussed on the Working Brother and Energy News Beat shows, and the entire series will soon be posted on Energy News Beat the Ravengeostrategic websites.

The Trump Administration is Stocked with “Tactical and Operational” Level Personnel

The administration, along with the mainstream media and alternative media channels are at a loss as to what Trump’s strategy is going to be since Putin has avoided talking to any Trump administration advisors until Witkoff went to Moscow to repatriate Fogel.

It appears that the Trump administration was eager to begin the dialogue because he had stated on his first day in office that Putin was going to be eager to end the war in Ukraine.

Trump was told by Kellogg and the Fox News Generals that “Ukraine was winning” and the “Russian economy was collapsing.” He quickly found out that neither of the two mainstream media narratives repeated non-stop by the Fox News anchors was true.

Now the cable news “experts” are baffled by what should be obvious that the European economies cannot exist without fossil fuels and nuclear energy is that they (a) do not know about the Sea Power versus Land Power Grand strategies, and (b) the vital role of “energy” in strategic planning. The cable news “journalists,” or “stenographers,” are neither methodologically trained analysts and grand strategists.

The problem is that the military academy and war college graduates are supposed to be methodologically trained analysts and Kellog and the other television generals clearly are not.

It begs the question “How did they get their stars?”

The Trump administration is stocked with tactical, operational, and regional strategic personnel and lacks the grand strategic level of expertise. The Kellogg disaster means that Hegseth needs to overhaul the curriculum at the military academies and the war colleges as well.

Conclusion-Sit Back and Watch the Globalist Politicians’ Demise

Since it is now in Putin’s best interest to do nothing other than watch the WEF globalist political parties and politicians collapse their economies, it is now in Trump’s best interest to do the same. The reason is simple. The US National Debt rose from under $6 trillion before Bush 43’s global war on terror to $36 trillion at the time of this writing.

It is in Trump’s best interest to prioritize reducing the twin annual current account trade deficits and the yearly budget deficits responsible for the increase in National Debt. Trump cannot let the Left-wing globalist fantasies explained in the “Seven P Plan of the Left” series destroy the West on both sides of the Atlantic.

Therefore, it is in Trump’s best interest to tackle the twin deficits with Elon Musk’s DOGE on one side of the Atlantic and leave the WEF Globalist politicians to their fate on the other side of the Atlantic.

Sweden and Norway have already chastised Germany for the Green Party insisting on a delusional energy policy for the biggest industrial economy in Europe. If Norway and Sweden are pulling back from providing Europe free energy, then why should Donald Trump and America pay for it?

It is now in both Donald Trump’s and Vladimir Putin’s best interest to “do nothing” other than focus on their domestic well-being.  Why should the “strange death of Europe” be followed by the “strange death of America.”

Donald Trump’s biggest problem is to explain how and why the Western media and the USAID/NED-backed alternative media channels so misled the European and American audiences over the nature and causes of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

The fundamentals of the Russian invasion of Ukraine are in the timeline section below. The details are in the various papers posted on Energy News Beat and Raven Geostrategic websites.

Part 6: Why the Kellogg Plan is DOA Part 6: Keith Kellogg Mistook the Mission to End the War in Ukraine Instead of Ending the Globalists

Part 5: Keith Kellogg Understood Neither the Role of Energy in Geopolitics Nor the Role of Trading Blocs in Geopolitics.

Part 4: Keith Kellogg Had a Layman’s Understanding of the Wolfowitz Proxy War with Russia in Ukraine – All Putin has to do is nothing

Part 3: Understanding the Catastrophic Downside Risk of the Kellogg Plan and Exploring Alternatives

Part 2: Why Keith Kellogg’s Plan is DOA: Shifting the Global Political Center of Gravity Part 2

Part 1: Why Keith Kellogg’s Plan is DOA: Avoiding the Catastrophic Downside Risk of Russo-Ukraine Negotiations

George McMillan Articles and Interviews: https://energynewsbeat.co/george-mcmillian/

Podcast Interview: The 7 P Plan of the Left – The Transformation of America into a Single-Party Socialist State

 

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Trump-Putin Call Ends

Energy News Beat

Daily Standup Top Stories

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Highlights of the Podcast

00:00 – Intro

01:39 – Trump and Putin Conclude Phone Call as US Pushes Ceasefire

03:47 – Buried fortune: US finds $8.4 billion in rare earths sitting in coal ash landfills

05:14 – New Study: Inflation Reduction Act Likely To Cost Taxpayers Trillions

06:58 – Crowley deploys first US LNG carrier to supply Naturgy’s facility in Puerto Rico

08:20 – Judge Blocks NJ Offshore Wind Farm As Trump Reverses Biden’s Green Gambits

10:06 – Harold Hamm: ‘Drill, Baby, Drill’ Needs $80 Oil – Or as Stu says, “Drill baby Drill when fiscally responsible”

14:09 – Outro


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Video Transcription edited for grammar. We disavow any errors unless they make us look better or smarter.


Stuart Turley: [00:00:10] Hello everybody. Welcome to the Energy Newsbeat Daily Standup. My name’s Stu Turley, President CEO of the Sandstone Group. It is just fun out there on the news desk today, but let’s take a look at the stories for today. Trump and Putin conclude phone call as U.S. pushes ceasefire. Next around the corner, buried fortune. U.S. finds $8.4 billion in rare earth sitting in coal ash landfills. A study estimates that coal ash contains 11 million tons of rare earth elements. That is huge. New study, inflation reduction act likely to cost taxpayers trillions. What is a trillion? It’s unfathomable how much this is porculous. Crowley deploys first US LNG carrier to supply natural facility in Puerto Rico. This has long a reach on this story for even though it sounds like a small story. Here’s another fun one coming around the corner. Judge blocks New Jersey offshore wind farm as Trump reverses Biden’s green gambits. And then Harold Hamm finishes up, but drill baby drill needs $80. Or as I say, drill baby drill when fiscally responsible. There’s a lot of news coming around the crude oil area is are we at peak oil? Are we at peak permitting? But hey, we’re going to dive into it here in a sec. [00:01:39][89.0]

Stuart Turley: [00:01:39] Let’s start off with President Trump and President Putin conclude their phone call as U.S. pushes a ceasefire. President Trump on his phone on his truth social post says, My phone conversation day with President Putin of Russia was a very good and productive one. We agreed to immediate ceasefire on all energy and infrastructure and an understanding that we will be working quickly to a complete ceasefire and ultimately an end to this very horrible war between Russia and Ukraine. This war would have never started if I were president. Many elements of a contract for peace were discussed, including the fact that thousands of soldiers are being killed and both President Putin and President Zelensky would like to see it end. That process is now in full force and effect and we will hopefully for the sake of humanity get the job done. Well done. I still think President Trump is fighting an uphill battle, needs some help there. But when we take a look at Bloomberg, Bloomberg put out there in their article, European leaders fear that the US may cut a deal without them. They’re a little late to the party because they’re wanting a war and they’re not wanting it stopped. Putin wants a halt in arms sale before agreeing to pause. And I kind of agree with President Putin on this from the standpoint that he doesn’t want us re-arming the Ukrainians only to then throw away the time and let that be a time for them to redo it. But if he is doing it in good faith and he stops bombing everybody and stops the killing, I can agree and think that it would be a good thing. So that is a tough call. I don’t have a really good opinion one way or the other on that. But hey, we’re following it, and we hope for the best, and we hope to have it end soon. The big thing about ending this soon is that all of the other articles and the traffic and chatter that I’m seeing around the world for people wanting cheap Russian natural gas in the EU. They’re tired of high energy prices. Well, let’s see how that goes. [00:03:47][127.6]

Stuart Turley: [00:03:47] Buried fortune, U.S. finds 8.4 billion in rare earth minerals sitting in coal ash landfills. A study estimated that coal ash contains 11 million tons of rare earth minerals. This is actually kind of the the in some of the key things that we need to look at for technology in taking a look at things that we already have here. We would not be able to look at this if the Biden administration was still in power, but because we can take a look at coal ash from this, The powdery by-product left after burning coal for fuel has been considered an industrial waste product. However, scientists identified coal ash as abundant and accessible source of rare earth elements. And when you sit back and kind of think, is it gold? Some of it’s in gold. And the University of Wyoming in saying the upfront process of extracting the minerals is already taken care of for us. So this is actually very good. They’re talking about the Appalachia basin is the highest concentration with 431 milligrams per kilogram however only 30 percent is easily recoverable from the Powder River basin. So it’s going to be basin dependent but it sounds like it is a good use for coal ash that we have a lot of it sitting around. Let’s go get the rare earth minerals out of that waste. I like waste to energy. [00:05:14][86.3]

Stuart Turley: [00:05:14] Let’s go the next study here a new study inflation reduction act likely to cost taxpayers trillions holy smokes michael and i have talked about this several times on the podcast and dan boncino who is now the assistant director over at the fbi has always called this the porculous bill a new study from The Cato Institute finds that a law could find cost as much as $4.67 trillion by 2050. That’s roughly 12 times the stated cost. The study also concludes that subsidies are undermining innovation and driving investments towards subsidy farming rather than satisfying consumer demand. Quote, the government should not hold on to the economy in such a way as to truly distort entire markets. And that’s what the Inflation Reduction Act does and did. Joshua Locks, a research associate with the Cato Institute and co-author of the analysis said in a video explaining outstanding article. And this came from just the news. Over the next 10 years, the study of the IRA is just unbelievable. Anywhere from $936 billion to 1.97 trillion by 2050, it will cost between $202.04 and $4.6 trillion. We as the United States cannot afford it. So, and that is just a false representation of renewable wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage. If you really wanted to look at the facts and physics, none of this would even be done. [00:06:57][103.1]

Stuart Turley: [00:06:58] Let’s go to the next story here. Crowley deploys first US LNG carrier to supply Nat Gray’s facility in Puerto Rico. This is huge from the standpoint that this is our first LNG US flagged LNG ship. And this is one way around the Jones Act that we need to get rid of. But this is really showing that we can service our own country with our own tankers and our own LNG product. And here’s the big kicker. This isn’t a older steam ship that is there. A lot of them coming offline and under the Jones Act, I believe there was an exemption and there is a wartime exemption that will allow us to buy tankers from other countries and flag them as US flagged ships. We could get a jumpstart on building our own LNG fleet. And I’ll go into some of that more And then also today on energynewsbeat.co, they had a story about China’s LNG shipments are down. So they’re not wanting to buy US LNG. In fact, they signed their first LNG contract with Australia. So LNG is wanting to be bought by a lot of folks. [00:08:20][82.5]

Stuart Turley: [00:08:20] Let’s go to this next story here. Judge blocks New Jersey offshore wind farm as Trump reverses Biden’s green gambits and the whales all started screaming, yay. A judge revoked the Atlantic Shores EPA permit blocking New Jersey’s offshore wind permit as Trump reverses the policies. A federal judge at the Environmental Protection Agency, the EPA, revoked the permit for New Jersey’s first offshore wind farm, potentially obstructing or ending the ambitious project entirely. The Environmental Appeals Accord Mary Kay Lynch remanded the Clean Air Act permits back to the U.S. EPA which was issued last September to the Atlantic shores offshore wind. The move closely follows President Donald Trump’s January 20 memo calling for review of the federal government’s leasing and permit practices for wind projects and a temporary withdrawal from all areas of the outer continental shelf from offshore wind leasing. Hats off to President Trump and this was a great story from the Daily Caller. [00:09:26][66.1]

Stuart Turley: [00:09:27] Before I get into the last story here, please reach out and take a look at Reese Energy Consulting and Reese Energy Training. They are the sponsor of the Daily Energy Newsbeat podcast and we are so appreciative of them. If you are looking to move molecules from the Permian all the way to Germany, they are the ones that you need to talk to. We’re talking oil, we’re talking natural gas. If you want to put in a Bitcoin farm and you want to find out how to get some branded gas, they’re the ones to call. So go to Reese Energy Consulting, and I tell you what, they are just fabulous people and we really appreciate their support. [00:10:06][38.8]

Stuart Turley: [00:10:06] Let’s go to Harold Ham, Drill Baby Drill needs $80, or as Stu would say, drill baby when fiscally responsible. ESG has actually done a good thing for the oil and gas operators over the last several years, the last decade, And that is that they’ve been fiscally responsible. And I applaud Harold Ham. Harold Ham said that we would need an oil price of around $80 to cover the cost of drilling wells. U.S. Energy Secretary Wright, the administration isn’t targeting a specific oil price of oil, but it wants to bring back common sense and pro energy policies. Chris Wright is the right man for the right job at the right time. And Scott Sheffield broke out and he said the cash breakeven price, including dividends, is $50 to $55 for US oil companies. And that $50 is not going to work. It is not going to be incentivizing to increase CapEx budgets. In fact, you will see a drop in rig counts. You will see a lot of folks in there. And I found this from on X, the lines break even oil from 87 different EP EMP firms, exploration and production firms sourced from the Federal Reserve of Dallas. And you can take a look. It ranges anywhere from $59 to $70 on those oil and gas firms. The 87 different firms that were interviewed on that from the Dallas Fed, the Fed from Dallas, Federal Reserve from Dallas. The Federal Reserve from Dallas has a good reporting and I’ve always enjoyed watching and reading their reports and stuff. When you go down below that, this is the Shale Pioneer added. And when you go below that $50 while you talked about, you’re below the point where you’re going to drill baby drill. And Harold Hamm is dead on right. It’s got to be around that 50. So when we take a look at what I think is happening around the world, Saudi Arabia really needs above $80. They need that $85 and that $90 in order to meet their budgets for Saudi and Ramco to pay its fair share of the sovereign wealth fund. So you’ve heard me talk about this a lot, but they are very influential in the oil pricing area. And when you take a look at OPEC and OPEC plus, what’s about to come around the corner is we’re seeing tankers are coming offline and they’re being redone for LNG tankers or steam tankers are coming off and they are being sold or scrapped. And so the dark fleet is really not there for Russia to use Arctic LNG, and it’s been hurt. That is the only place that sanctions have hurt in that area. In the gray market, dark fleet, or the sanctioned fleet, then when you take a look at it, there’s about 900 tankers that India and China have been buying crude oil all around the world. And so there’s a huge area there. So there is going to be an opportunity for the United States and President Trump, if he’s listening, to get the shipyard business going, open up an area where we can take distressed tankers and redo them and reflag them under the United States, that would get us light years ahead into the entire, into the next generation, because we’re gonna have to be in a situation where we can, in order to export a great US LNG energy outside of this US or propane or butane or any of the other refined products that the other countries want, plastics or any of those kind of things so that they can build. That is where we’re going to make up a lot of the trade deficit around the world and that’s exporting some of those refined products as well too. But we need tankers in order to do it. The Jones Act kills us on this entire process. [00:14:08][242.1]

Stuart Turley: [00:14:09] So with that, like, subscribe, hope you have a fantastic day. Again, read this to your pets, read it to your kids, read it, they’ll probably go to sleep if you just read this to your kids. So, hey, have a great day. We’ll talk to y’all soon. [00:14:09][0.0][835.5]

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Motion Ventures launches $100m maritime tech fund

Energy News Beat

Singapore’s Motion Ventures has launched what it claims is the largest-ever maritime tech fund at $100m.

“We launched Motion Ventures with the belief that maritime is entering a new era—one where technology, capital, and industry collaboration converge to redefine the sector’s trajectory. In recent years, we’ve seen digitalisation and decarbonisation shift from ideas to industry imperatives,” commented Shaun Hon, founder and general partner of Motion Ventures,  who said this second fund goes beyond writing bigger cheques.

“It’s about uniting the right founders, corporate leaders, and strategic allies to accelerate an industry-wide shift, ensuring that solutions can be tested, adopted, and scaled faster than ever before,” Hon said.

Over the next 18–24 months, Fund II aims to deploy cheques of $250,000 to $10m into at least 25 companies, targeting solutions that digitise and decarbonise the global maritime supply chain.

By design, the new fund can now back startups developing more asset-intensive hardware solutions, recognising that maritime innovation demands solutions beyond software alone—an evolution spurred by growing corporate demand for deeper, faster progress in sustainability, vessel operations, and port modernisation.

The maritime digitisation market is projected to reach $423.4bn by 2031

According to Motion Ventures, the maritime digitisation market alone is projected to reach $423.4bn by 2031.

“Fund II will harness that momentum, uniting startups and industry leaders to deliver cleaner, more efficient operations and, ultimately, shape the future of maritime commerce,” the company claimed in a release.

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Case for engine retrofits clouded by lack of green fuels

Energy News Beat

Failure to scale up suitable quantities of well-priced green fuels has blunted a projected rush to retrofit ships with cleaner engines, a delay that will potentially bring a bottleneck at repair yards further down the line, according to a new study from Lloyd’s Register (LR).

The British classification society has updated its engine retrofit market study, originally published in 2023.

The original engine retrofit report published by LR identified a market of around 13,500 existing vessels that may need engine conversions to use alternative fuels. A key assumption of the original report’s modelling was that all vessels built beyond 2027-2030 would be capable of using zero- and near- zero emissions fuels. 

“Without further effective drivers to take up these fuels or visibility on alternative fuel availability, that date could be pushed back – meaning that more vessels need to be retrofitted in a shorter timeframe [to meet the International Maritime Organisations green targets], exacerbating strains on retrofitting capacity,” LR warned in the new study published yesterday.

The early 2020s were dominated by conversions to LNG and a concentrated retrofit campaign in the LPG carrier segment following the introduction of new engine technology. In 2022, hydrogen retrofits began on small passenger, offshore and harbour vessels. 

Following the first projects in 2024, methanol conversions are set to become more prevalent over the next four years, driven primarily by confirmed orders from the container segment. 

While some ammonia conversions have already taken place – on two offshore vessels and one tugboat – these are pilot installations of fuel cell and small engine technology that is not transferable to the wider fleet of large merchant vessels. Further ammonia retrofits are likely once large engine technology has been introduced, LR suggested. 

LR now reckons there are 27 yards around the world, predominantly in China, identified as capable of carrying out engine retrofits. Combined these 27 yards could handle up to 465 vessels a year,  enough to satisfy early demand, but still falling well below the required capacity in years of peak demand, when LR is predicting more than 1,000 conversions a year could be anticipated.

“Engine builders will need to balance the demand for newbuild engines with the growing demand for engine retrofit packages, with a similar constraint on providers of engine subsystems such as injectors and fuel systems including supply and storage equipment,” LR stated, in listing further bottlenecks shipowners might face when opting for an engine swap.

According to engine manufacturer MAN, lead times for retrofit project construction currently stand at over 18 months. MAN is aiming to reduce this to under 14 months. 

Claudene Sharp-Patel,  LR’s global technical director, commented: “The technology and shipyard capacity to retrofit vessels is improving, but without decisive action to scale up alternative fuel supply chains, shipowners will face increasing compliance costs and operational uncertainty. We need greater regulatory clarity and investment to bridge the gap between ambition and action.” 

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IMO presses ahead with maritime digitalisation strategy

Energy News Beat

RegulatoryTech

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has come up with a work plan to get a maritime digitalisation strategy adopted by the IMO Assembly by the end of 2027. 

“The cross-cutting strategy will span different areas of IMO’s work, fostering a fully interconnected, harmonized and automated global maritime sector,” the IMO stated in a release. 

A correspondence group will work over the coming year to identify existing and emerging technologies, standards and methodologies that can support maritime digitalisation, while ensuring alignment across IMO’s various committees with a report due next year, before a final submission is made to the assembly session scheduled for the end of 2027. 

IMO secretary-general Arsenio Dominguez emphasised the transformative potential of cutting-edge technologies such as AI and autonomous navigation, while recognising related challenges, including cybersecurity risks and the global digital divide. 

Dominguez said the new strategy will help integrate vessels and ports, improve logistics and optimise routes, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 

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Who Holds the Ballooning US Government Debt, even as the Fed and Foreign Holders Unloaded Treasury Securities in Q4?

Energy News BeatPrice

An increasingly important question in iffy times. Here are the holders as of Q4, who dumped, who bought.

By Wolf Richter for WOLF STREET.

When the incredibly ballooning US national debt reached $36.22 trillion in January, it hit the “Debt Ceiling,” with which Congress prevents the government from borrowing the money needed to spend the money Congress told it to spend.

In the past, just before the government ran out of cash, Congress makes a deal with itself to raise the debt ceiling, upon which the debt spikes by hundreds of billions of dollars in just a few days as the government borrows huge amounts to refill its checking account. The flat parts followed by spikes in the chart reflect that dynamic.

These are Treasury securities that private and public entities in the US and across the world hold as interest-earning assets. The question is: Who holds this debt? And who has been buying it even as the Fed has been shedding its holdings at part of its $2.2 trillion in QT?

Who held this $36.2 trillion in Treasury securities at the end of Q4?

US Government entities: $7.34 trillion. These “intragovernmental holdings” consist of Treasury securities held by various federal civilian pension funds, military pension funds, the Social Security Trust Fund (I discussed the Social Security Trust Fund holdings, income, and outgo here), the Disability Insurance Trust Fund, the Medicare Trust Funds, and other funds. These are securities that are not traded in the market.

The “public” held the remaining $28.83 trillion in Treasury securities at the end of Q4. Most of these securities are publicly traded and their holders are spread around the US and the rest of the world.

It’s these securities “held by the public” that we’re going to look at here.

The “public” held these Treasuries, by type of security (as of the end of February, published by the Treasury Department).

Publicly traded:

  • $6.4 trillion in Treasury bills (short-term securities of 1 year or less)
  • $14.7 trillion in Treasury notes (2-10-year securities)
  • $4.9 trillion in Treasury bonds (20-year and 30-year securities):
  • $2.0 trillion in TIPS (Treasury Inflation Protected Securities):
  • $0.63 trillion in Floating Rate Notes (FRN)

Not publicly traded:

  • $575 billion in Treasury securities, such as the Series I Savings Bonds, Series EE Savings Bonds, etc.

Who is this “public” that holds these bonds: 30.2% are foreign holders.

Foreign entities held $8.5 trillion, or 30.2% of the publicly traded debt at the end of Q4. These holders included (Treasury Department data):

  • Foreign private-sector entities: $4.73 trillion
  • Foreign official entities, such as by central banks: $3.78 trillion.

They held in total:

  • $7.31 trillion in long-term securities
  • $1.2 trillion (14.1%) in T-bills.

That ratio of T-bills to total foreign holdings has been between 12.1% and 14.6% since mid-2020. Before the pandemic, it was in the 10% range.

But they shed securities: Foreign entities shed $166 billion of Treasury securities in Q4, or 1.9% from the record in Q3 ($8.69 trillion), led by:

  • Top six financial centers (London, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Cayman Islands, and Ireland): -$60 billion
  • Japan: -$36 billion
  • Brazil: -$33 billion
  • India: -$28 billion
  • Euro Area: -$12 billion.

But other countries added to their holdings over those three months, including Canada (+$11 billion).

The biggest foreign holders:

  • The top six financial centers: $2.56 trillion (blue)
  • Euro Area: $1.79 trillion, which includes three of the financial centers (green)
  • Japan: $1.06 trillion (gold)
  • China and Hong Kong combined: $1.01 trillion (purple).

Top 6 financial centers include US corporate holdings: $2.56 trillion, down by $60 billion from September.

US corporations hold a portion of these Treasury securities to park their overseas profits overseas, as to not have them taxed in the US. Ireland and Apple were a big example of that, as a Senate investigation in 2013 revealed.

Euro Area and China: The Euro Area – which includes the three financial centers Luxembourg, Belgium, and Ireland – has been a massive purchaser of Treasury securities over the years, even as China and Hong Kong combined have been backing away for nearly a decade. The Euro Area now holds far more than China has ever held. But over the past three months, the Euro Area shed $12 billion:

Canada has emerged as a large buyer since the pandemic, more than tripling its holdings over the past three years to $379 billion.

Other big foreign holders include Taiwan ($282 billion), India ($219 billion), Brazil ($202 billion).

Holders in the US are 69.8% of this “public”:

US mutual funds: 19.3% or about $5.5 trillion of the debt held by the public. This includes bond mutual funds and money market mutual funds, according to the Quarterly Fixed Income Report for Q4 from SIFMA (Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association).

Money market funds alone held $3.0 trillion in Treasury securities, including $2.4 trillion in T-bills.

Money market funds added $335 billion in Treasuries in Q4, amid an overall surge in money market fund balances.

Federal Reserve: 15.2% or $4.29 trillion of the debt held by the public as of the end of Q4.

Under its QT program, the Fed shed $93 billion in Treasuries in Q4. Since mid-2022, it has shed $1.53 trillion in Treasuries and $2.2 trillion in total, as of the Fed’s early March balance sheet.

US Households and nonprofit organizations: 9.5% or $2.68 trillion of the debt held by the public at the end of Q4 (Federal Reserve data). These are investors who hold Treasuries in their accounts in the US. But they shed $229 billion in Q4.

US Commercial Banks: 6.2% or $1.77 trillion of the debt held by the public at the end of Q4, (Federal Reserve data). And added $33 billion in Q4.

These banks include:

  • US-chartered commercial banks: $1.54 trillion
  • Foreign Banking Offices in the US: $100 billion
  • Credit Unions: $63 billion
  • Banks in U.S.-affiliated areas: $23 billion

US State and local governments, including pension funds: 7.3% or $2.07 trillion of the debt held by the public. They reduced their holdings by $28 billion in Q4.

US Insurance companies: 2.3% or $650 billion of the debt held by the public, including:

  • Property and casualty insurance companies: $459 billion, they’ve been big buyers since the return of higher yields, nearly doubling their holdings since Q4 2022. They added another $40 billion in Q4.
  • Life insurance companies: $191 billion.

Exchange traded funds: 2.0% or $554 billion of the debt held by the public.

US Private Pension funds: 1.6% or $452 billion of the debt held by the public. Shed $13 billion in Q4

US securities brokers and dealers: 1.4% or $408 billion of the debt held by the public. They added $72 billion in Q4.

Government Sponsored Enterprises: 0.8% or $227 billion of the debt held by the public. The big GSEs are Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. They added $36 billion in Q4.

Others: $417 billion

  • US nonfinancial corporate businesses: $114 billion. Does not include the Treasuries they hold in foreign financial centers (see above).
  • Nonfinancial noncorporate business: $87 billion
  • Holding companies: $130 billion
  • Central clearing counterparties: $86 billion

Nonmarketable securities held by the public: 2.1% or $575 billion of the debt held by the public (Treasury Department data). These securities are held by the public but cannot be traded in the market and are not purchased at auctions but directly from the government. They include products for retail investors – the Series I Savings Bonds and the Series EE Savings Bonds – plus State and Local Government Series” bonds (held by state and local governments), the Government Account series bonds, and other bonds.

But there’s a new sheriff in town: “We’re focused on the real economy,” Bessent said. “Ouch,” stocks said. Where did the Trump put go? ReadWill Economic Detox Lead to a Recession? Maybe Not. But a Long Deep Stock Market Rout Will (See Dotcom Bust)

Enjoy reading WOLF STREET and want to support it? You can donate. I appreciate it immensely. Click on the mug to find out how:

The post Who Holds the Ballooning US Government Debt, even as the Fed and Foreign Holders Unloaded Treasury Securities in Q4? appeared first on Energy News Beat.

 

Judge Blocks NJ Offshore Wind Farm As Trump Reverses Biden’s Green Gambits

Energy News Beat

A judge revoked Atlantic Shores’ EPA permit, blocking NJ’s offshore wind project as Trump reverses Biden’s green policies over costs and wildlife risks.

​A federal judge at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revoked a permit for New Jersey’s first offshore wind energy farm, potentially obstructing or ending the ambitions of the project entirely. [emphasis, links added]

Environmental Appeals Court Judge Mary Kay Lynch remanded a Clean Air Act permit back to the U.S. EPA, which was issued last September to Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind.

The move closely follows President Donald Trump’s Jan. 20 memo calling for a review of the federal government’s “leasing and permitting practices for wind projects” and a temporary withdrawal of all areas on the outer continental shelf from offshore wind leasing.

The remanded permit authorized Atlantic Shores “to construct and operate two wind energy-generation projects off the coast of New Jersey,” though it will now be pending review, according to the new ruling.

EPA officials filed a motion on Feb. 28 to have the court remand the offshore wind permit, so that the agency could reevaluate the project’s environmental impacts.

The EPA, now led by Administrator Lee Zeldin, has taken several actions within the past month alone to eliminate climate and renewable green energy initiatives that were greenlit under previous presidential administrations.

The New Jersey Board of Public Utilities granted Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind a contract in 2021 for 1.5 megawatts of renewable energy to be generated in a facility off the coast of Atlantic City.

Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind is a renewable energy company with “three offshore wind energy lease areas totaling more than 400 square miles under active development,” according to its website.

Friday’s court decision seems to cast a grim shadow on the future of the project. …snip…

Protests erupted over the offshore wind farms between 2023 and 2025, as protesters raised concerns over high-powered cables running through residential neighborhoods and dead whales and dolphins washing up on the Jersey Shore.

Wind turbines off the coast of New England have also previously shed debris into the ocean, prompting environmentalists’ concerns for wildlife.

This is not the first hurdle for the Atlantic Shores project, as Shell pulled its planned $1 billion investment in January of this year.

A few days later, New Jersey’s Board of Public Utilities abandoned plans for a fourth offshore wind solicitation for bids.

This effectively ended the expansion of Atlantic Shores. …snip…

Trump moved quickly to reverse several of former President Joe Biden’s green energy policies, invoking a freeze on permits for and construction of new wind projects on federal land and waters.

The Biden administration supported and subsidized efforts to meet its goal of 30 gigawatts of offshore energy by 2030, though the push reeled as inflation, high interest rates, and logistics forced postponements and cancellations of major projects.

The administration also championed the Inflation Reduction Act, a more than $1 trillion climate bill.

Trump’s Jan. 20 memo cites “environmental impact and cost to surrounding communities of defunct and idle windmills” as major concerns surrounding offshore wind farms.

Allegations of deadly impacts on whales and other marine mammals have also made headlines.

Read full post at Daily Caller

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Pennsylvania Bill To Study Climate Costs Follows Billionaire-Backed Lawsuit Push

Energy News Beat

Pennsylvania lawmakers are considering a bill to study climate costs, following a public event by well-funded activists backing climate lawsuits.

​Pennsylvania State lawmakers are considering a proposal put forward by Representative Joe Webster, a Democrat from Montgomery County, to study the costs of climate change in Pennsylvania. [emphasis, links added]

The bill – H.R. 90 – sponsors a plan to require Pennsylvania’s Joint State Government Commission to study the cost of measures to combat future climate change in Pennsylvania, as well as analyze future global warming’s impact on the state’s “natural, built, and social environments.”

While the bill may sound innocuous enough, Rep. Webster’s media blitz touting the proposal came just days after a public event hosted by well-known billionaire-funded activists supporting climate lawsuits in Pennsylvania, raising questions about the groups’ continued lawfare agenda in the state.

Pennsylvania’s Climate Litigation Campaign Coordinated by Billionaire-Funded Activists

The February event preceding Rep. Webster’s bill was hosted by the Heinz Endowments-backed environmental “Group Against Smog & Pollution – Pittsburgh” (GASP-PGH), Corporate Accountability, and the Rockefeller-funded environmental groups Center for Climate Integrity (CCI) and Union of Concerned Scientists.

CCI, the main activist group supporting climate lawsuits, has clearly recognized that climate suits are near-impossible unless a court can localize and put a price tag on the effects of global greenhouse gas emissions.

To that end, CCI has poured resources into biased “climate costs” studies tailor-made for use in the courtroom.

These studies purport to show the economic impacts of climate change, right down to the congressional district level.

Climate Cost Studies Used by Activists to Create Evidence for State Climate Lawsuits

Similar “climate costs” studies have been explicitly designed by climate plaintiffs, for climate plaintiffs.

For example, the group Resilient Analytics was contracted by the City of Boulder to conduct a climate costs study just a week before Boulder filed its climate lawsuit against oil and natural gas companies.

That taxpayer-funded study would go on to be cited in the Colorado municipalities’ case.

The same groups appear to be trying to replicate this model in Pennsylvania. In 2023, Resilient Analytics and CCI published a similar climate costs report in Pennsylvania.

Later, in April 2024 CCI partnered with GASP-PGH to host a public event titled “What is Climate Change Costing Allegheny County and Who Should Pay?” to promote their findings.

It’s yet to be seen if CCI and its partners have their hands in Rep. Webster’s proposal as well. The bill does not rule out working with outside parties in the development of a potential climate costs study, saying:

“…to prepare the study, the Joint State Government Commission shall engage subject-area experts and other stakeholders, as needed, to contribute to the study…”

Any climate cost study put forward by the Pennsylvania legislature should not be conducted alongside outside interests, particularly when those interests are directly aligned with climate plaintiffs.

PA Continues to Soundly Reject More Climate Lawfare

CCI’s renewed activity in Pennsylvania goes to show that the activists have clearly not gotten the message that climate lawfare will not find a welcome audience in the energy-rich state.

As Energy in Depth has highlighted, the sole climate lawsuit in the state, filed in 2024 by Bucks County, was met with harsh criticism over the closed-door deliberations that preceded its filing.

A mere two weeks after the suit was announced, Republican County Commissioner Gene DiGirolamo even withdrew his support:

“I have considered this for the past seven or eight days,” said DiGirolamo. “And at this point, I would like to withdraw my support for the lawsuit.”

And in April of last year, when CCI presented to the Allegheny County Council in hopes of recruiting a new plaintiff, a coalition of manufacturing and labor groups sent an open letter to the Council blasting a potential lawsuit:

“Fundamentally the activists don’t care about impacts on Pennsylvanians; the state is just one stop on their nation-wide road show. It doesn’t take a lawyer to know that filing a lawsuit will not solve climate change.

It won’t prevent natural disasters or rehabilitate old infrastructure. It will, however, drive up the cost of energy for Pennsylvanians, waste taxpayer dollars, and demonize an industry that is a crucial economic driver for our state.”

The plaintiffs’ and activists’ approach was even squarely rejected by the Democratic nominee for Pennsylvania Attorney General, Eugene DePasquale, who denounced climate lawfare in a debate:

“[Climate litigation] is not a direction I am looking to go. Look – I am pro Pennsylvania energy. That [seeking repayment from energy companies for climate change] is a policy issue, that’s something for the government and the legislature and obviously if the Congress wants to do something like that… Simply punishing companies is not going to get us there.” (emphasis added)

Outside of Pennsylvania, the momentum and recent case law are not in climate activists’ favor.

In recent months, state judges in BaltimoreNew York CityAnnapolis and Anne Arundel Counties, and New Jersey have dismissed similar climate lawsuits on the grounds that the lawsuits inappropriately aim to regulate global emissions.

Bottom Line

Activist-backed “climate costs” reports are not impartial research, but PR tools tailor-made for activists and plaintiffs.

And, given the swift backlash in Bucks County, Pennsylvanians have already made it clear that climate litigation is not welcome in the natural gas-producing state.

It’s time that CCI and its partners got the message.

Read more at EID Climate

The post Pennsylvania Bill To Study Climate Costs Follows Billionaire-Backed Lawsuit Push appeared first on Energy News Beat.

 

New Study: Inflation Reduction Act Likely To Cost Taxpayers Trillions

Energy News Beat

A new study shows that the Inflation Reduction Act subsidies could cost taxpayers trillions over 25 years.

When former President Joe Biden’s signature Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) passed in 2022, it did so along party lines with not a single Republican voting for it. [emphasis, links added]

At the time, a Senate one-pager summarized the law as costing taxpayers $369 billion, based on Congressional Budget Review (CBO) estimates.

A new study from the Cato Institute finds that the law could cost as much as $4.67 trillion by 2050. That’s roughly 12 times the stated cost.

The study also concludes that the subsidies are undermining innovation and driving investments toward subsidy farming rather than satisfying consumer demand.

“The government should not have a hold on the economy in such a way that it can truly distort entire markets, and that’s what the Inflation Reduction Act [does],” Joshua Loucks, a research associate with the Cato Institute and co-author of the analysis, said in a video explaining the study.

The Trump administration has been executing a series of reviews of regulations that federal agencies passed during the Biden years.

Repealing some agency decisions may require congressional action. Due to the massive costs and market-impacting effects of the IRA, the study’s authors argue Congress should take a hard look at it.

The law, they say, should be fully repealed, or Congress should place limitations on the subsidies, which the IRA mostly lacks.

Fact-Finding Endeavor

Loucks and his co-author Travis Fisher, director of energy and environmental policy studies at the Cato Institute, explained that the impetus for doing the study was the wildly varying estimates of the costs of the IRA that came out since its passage.

While the CBO pegged the figure at $369 billion, Goldman Sachs estimated in May 2023 that it would be closer to $1.2 trillion. There were other estimates as well, all coming to different conclusions.

“We decided to go on our own fact-finding endeavor here, and that’s what resulted in this paper,” Loucks said.

The subsidies for the IRA come in two forms — Production Tax Credits (PTC), which provide tax credits per unit of energy produced, and Investment Tax Credits (ITC), which provide tax credits for various investments in carbon-free energy.

Which one developers take depends on the project and their business preferences. With the ITC, the subsidies provide an infusion of cash up front, whereas the PTCs provide payouts over time.

Some are not capped, and others are only phased out when certain greenhouse gas emission reductions are met.

Using models from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the study shows there’s little likelihood that these reductions will be met in the next 25 years, meaning the subsidies have no meaningful end date.

The authors estimated all the ITCs and PTCs that might come from the various carbon-free eligible projects — whether they be nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal, energy storage, green manufacturing, or hydrogen — and using complex models, the authors came to some overall estimates.

Over the next 10 years, according to the study, the IRA could cost taxpayers anywhere from $936 billion to $1.97 trillion. By 2050, it will cost between $2.04 trillion and $4.67 trillion.

Read rest at Just The News

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China Stops Buying U.S. LNG

Energy News BeatChina’s LNG imports

China has not received a single cargo of U.S. liquefied natural gas in 40 days and there are currently no LNG tankers en route to the country, Bloomberg has reported, citing data it compiled from ship-tracking information providers and energy analytics provider Kpler.

The purchase freeze was the result of the tariff exchange that President Donald Trump started as soon as he took office, by slapping an additional 10% tariff on all Chinese imports. In response, China imposed 15% tariffs on U.S. LNG imports and a lower tariff of crude oil imports.

Following the tariffs, Chinese LNG buyers with long-term supply contracts with U.S. producers have started reselling the cargos to Europe, Bloomberg reported, citing sources from the trading world. What’s more, Chinese traders have grown cold towards new long-term commitments for future supply from the United States, instead seeking long-term deals with gas producers in the Middle East and the Asia Pacific.

The publication mentioned one new deal, between China Resources Gas International and Woodside Energy, which has a term of 15 years and is the first long-term deal between a Chinese company and an Australian company to be signed in years.

The moment is rather opportune for Europe, which is nearing the end of its leak gas demand season as spring comes. Yet demand is going to remain elevated for a while as it restocks its depleted gas storage. Indeed, Kpler predicted European gas demand will tick higher in the coming weeks because it is coming out of winter with lower levels of gas in storage.

Kpler also revised South Korea’s 2025 LNG demand higher—but it revised Chinese LNG demand for this year down, based on weaker LNG imports in February, part of the reason for which is quite likely the tariff exchange with the United States.

By Irina Slav for Oilprice.com

Is Oil and Gas An Investment for You?

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